㈠ 鏈夊啘鏉戦樻潗鐨勬悶絎戠數褰卞悧錛熼夯鐑︿粙緇嶅嚑閮錛
銆婃枟鐗涖
銆銆銆銆婃枟鐗涖嬬殑鏁呬簨鑳屾櫙鏄鎶楁垬鏃舵湡錛屽叡浜у浗闄呯粰涓鍥界殑鎶楁棩鏍規嵁鍦伴佹潵浜嗕竴澶磋嵎鍏板ザ鐗涳紝涓哄彈浼ょ殑鎴樺＋鎻愪緵钀ュ吇銆備絾鍥犱負楝煎瓙瑕佽繘鏉戜簡錛屾墍浠ユ牴鎹鍦扮殑鍚屽織涓嶅緱涓嶈漿縐伙紝灝辨妸濂剁墰鎵樹粯緇欎簡涓浣嶈佷埂鐓х湅錛岃繖浣嶈佷埂灝辨槸榛勬袱錛屼粬璧峰垵涓嶆効鎰忔帴鏀惰繖澶寸墰錛屼絾鏄鏉戦暱浠ユ妸涔濆効錛堥棲濡楗幫級瀚佺粰浠栦負鏉′歡錛岃變嬌浠栨帴涓嬩簡榪欎釜浠誨姟銆傝皝鐭ラ亾榪欏ご鐗涚‖鏄閫煎緱榛勬袱涓嶅緱涓嶅拰鏃ユ湰楝煎瓙銆佸湡鍖浠ュ強閫冧骸鐨勬睙婀栭儙涓鏂楁櫤鏂楀媷銆
銆婅姳鍥鍐滃躲嬨銆婅姳鍥鍐滃躲嬫槸涓閮ㄥ枩鍓фу緢寮虹殑鍐滄潙棰樻潗鐢靛獎錛屽獎鐗囦富瑕佽茶堪紺句細涓諱箟鏂板啘鏉戞埧灞嬫敼閫犻棶棰橈紝鍐滄埧緇忚繃鏀歸犺兘涓哄浗瀹惰妭綰﹀湡鍦扮殑鏁呬簨錛屽獎鐗囧栨櫙閫夊湪嫻欐睙鐪佸彴宸炲競榛勫博鍖哄鉤鐢頒埂鐗涙父婧忔潙錛岃繖閲岃櫧鐒舵槸鍐滄潙錛屽彲鐪嬪埌鐨勫嵈鏄涓鐗囩墖鐨勫埆澧呭紡灝忔ゼ錛屽潗钀藉湪緹ゅ北涔嬩腑鏄懼緱闈炲父緹庝附錛屾牴鏈鎰熻変笉鍒版槸鍦ㄥ啘鏉戙傚綋鍦扮殑棰嗗艱達細鈥滄暣涓嫻欐睙鐨勫啘鏉戞埧灞嬮兘鍦ㄩ檰緇鏀歸狅紝璁╁啘姘戝叏閮ㄤ綇涓婃ゼ鎴匡紝璁╁啘鏉戝疄鐜扮幇浠ｅ寲錛岃窡鍩庨噷涓鏍鳳紱鍏朵腑鍖呮嫭鍖葷枟鍜岀ぞ淇濋棶棰樸傗濄婁婦璧鋒墜鏉ャ嬨婁婦璧鋒墜鏉ャ嬩竴闃熺簿閿愮殑鏃ユ湰鐨囧啗鎮剁嫚鐙犵殑鍐茶繘涓涓灝忓北鏉戱紝鍏寵搗鍏ㄦ潙浜猴紝瑕佸繪壘涓浠舵棤浠蜂箣瀹濓紝鑰屼竴杞鐪煎嵈鍙鍓╀笅涓涓鍌婚煎瓙鎽囨憞鏅冩檭鐨勮蛋鍑烘潵銆傛槸浠涔堜嬌榪欑兢鈥滃お鍚涒濇秷澶卞緱鏃犲獎鏃犺釜錛熼偅涓鍌婚煎瓙涓轟粈涔堢灙鐫鐪間笉鍋滅殑鍞犲彣鈥滆姳濮戝樷濓紵涓鍒囬兘寰椾粠閭ｅ満鎯婂績鍔ㄩ瓌鐨勭伀杞︿笌椋炴満鐨勫ぇ鎴樿茶搗鈥︹ 銆婅姳鑵版柊濞樸嬭姳鑵板綕鏃忔湁涓涓鍙よ佺殑鏃忚勶紝鏂板樻垚濠氾紝鏈灝戜笁騫存墠鑳借惤灞呭か瀹訛紝浠庡皬娌′簡闃垮堬紝鏄璧墮┈甯鐨勯樋鐖哥敤椹濂跺吇澶х殑鍑ょ編錛屾湁鐫鑺變竴鏍風殑緹庝附錛屽北涓鏍風殑閲庢э紝濂瑰珌緇欓椈鍚嶅洓涔＄殑鑸為緳楂樻墜闃塊緳鐨勯偅澶╂櫄涓婏紝鍗翠笉欏炬棌瑙勶紝闂圭潃瑕佽繘媧炴埧錛屽皢鑻變繆鎲ㄥ帤鐨勯樋榫欐悶寰椾貢浜嗘墜鑴氥
銆銆鐪侀噷瑕佷婦琛岃垶榫欏ぇ璧涗簡錛岄樋榫欏績鏈変笉鐢樺湴褰撲笂浜嗗コ瀛愯垶榫欓槦鐨勬暀緇冿紝鑰岃嚜宸辨湭榪囬棬鐨勮佸﹩鍑ょ編鐢ㄥ敖鍚勭嶈姳鎷涘線鑸為緳闃熼噷閽伙紝寮勫緱闃塊緳鏇存槸涓絳硅帿灞曟磱鐩哥櫨鍑恆傚嚖緹庡己琛屽綋涓婁簡鑸為緳闃熺殑闃熷憳錛屼笉涔呭張鎷呭綋閲嶄換鑸炶搗浜嗛緳澶達紝騫朵笖灞″薄鍐茬牬闃塊緳闄堟棫鐨勮垶榫欐ā錛岃╁戝樹滑鍦ㄤ釜鎬х旱鎯呯殑瀹ｆ硠涓灝嗛緳鑸炲緱鐪艱姳緙涔便傞樋榫欒劯闈㈡壂灝戒笌鍑ょ編闂圭炕銆傛洿璁╅樋榫欓毦浠ュ瑰繊鐨勬槸錛屽嚖緹庣殑鍚屽ㄥ悓瀛︼紝灝忛晣涓婂紑閰掑惂鐨勫皬鑰佹澘闃胯仾錛屽績涓涓鐩存殫鎮嬬潃鍑ょ編錛屼粬寮鐫涓杈嗙孩鑹茬殑鐨鍗¤濺錛屾媺鐫鍑ょ編鍙婅垶榫欓槦鐨勫コ瀛╁瓙浠鍥涘勫厹椋庯紝榪樺綋鐫闃塊緳鐨勯潰涓庨庣編璺寵搗浜嗘縺鎯呮挬浜虹殑"鐑熺洅鑸"錛涚敋鑷籌紝榪樿儗鍦伴噷鎷夌潃鍑ょ編鍙12涓濮戝樺幓浠栫殑閰掑惂闂ㄥ墠琛ㄦ紨濂沖瓙鑸為緳錛屼負鎺ㄩ攢鍟ら厭鍋氬箍鍛娿傞樋榫欐皵鎬ヨ觸鍧忓湴灝嗙粓韜瀹氭儏鐗"鑺辮叞甯"閫榪樺嚖緹庯紝鎸夐庝織錛岄"鑺辮叞甯"灝辨槸閫濠氾紝鍑ょ編澶ф儕錛岀粷鏈涜屽幓銆
銆銆 澶ц禌灝卞湪鐪煎墠錛岄樋榫欏悗鎮旇帿鍙婏紝娌℃湁浜嗗績涓婁漢錛屼篃澶卞幓浜嗗戝樹滑鐨勫皧閲嶅拰淇′換錛屼粬鎰熸偀鍒頒簡浠涔堟槸浜虹敓鏈閲嶈佺殑涓滆タ銆傞厭閱夊悗鐨勪粬鍥炲埌瀵ㄥ瓙錛屼負鍙戞硠蹇冧腑鐨勯儊闂鳳紝浠栨墜鎸侀緳澶磋煩涓婂眿欏舵尐鐫灞嬮《鐨勪竴鐗囩墖鍦熸帉鎴匡紝閰掗唹涓鐨勪竴榪炰覆鐪艱姳緙涔憋紝鎯婂績鍔ㄩ瓌鐨勯唹鑸為緳錛岃╀紬浜哄埉鐩鐩哥湅錛屾儕鍙逛笉宸詫紝涔熻╁嚖緹庨噸鏂拌よ瘑浜嗛樋榫欑殑鐢蜂漢姘旀傘
銆銆澶ц禌寮濮嬩簡錛屽嚖緹庡甫棰12涓濮戝樺皢涓鏉″僵鑹茬殑榫欒垶寰楀ぉ鏃嬪湴杞錛屽ス浠鐨勯潚鏄ヨ扛鍙戝嚭鑰鐪肩殑鍏夎尗......
㈡ 80騫翠唬鍐滄潙鍠滃墽鐢靛獎
1銆佸枩鐩堥棬
銆婂枩鐩堥棬銆嬫槸涓婃搗鐢靛獎鍒剁墖鍘1981騫存憚鍒剁殑鍠滃墽鏁呬簨鐗囷紝閫氳繃瀵瑰跺涵浼︾悊閬撳痙涓婚樼殑鎻紺猴紝姝岄備簡鎴戝浗浜烘皯鐨勪紶緇熺編寰峰拰紺句細涓諱箟椋庡皻錛屽叿鏈夌兢浼楁墍鍠滈椈涔愯佺殑姘戞棌椋庢牸銆
榪欓儴鐢靛獎璁茶堪浜嗘垜鍥藉寳鏂逛竴涓鍐滄潙瀹跺涵閲屽彂鐢熺殑鏁呬簨錛岃繖鏍風殑鏁呬簨鏃浠や漢鎹ц吂鍙堣╀漢娣辨濓紝褰辯墖浠ョ兢浼楀枩闂諱箰瑙佺殑褰㈠紡錛岄矞媧葷敓鍔ㄧ殑浜虹墿褰㈣薄錛屽挨鍏舵槸鎺ュ湴姘旂殑棰樻潗鍜屾晠浜嬶紝瀵歸亾寰蜂環鍊艱傝繘琛屼簡璇勬柇錛屽懠搴斾簡鏃朵唬瑙備紬鐨勫唴蹇冭瘔奼傘
2銆佸挶浠鐨勭墰鐧懼瞾
銆婂挶浠鐨勭墰鐧懼瞾銆嬩緷鐒舵槸鐢變笂嫻風數褰卞埗鐗囧巶鍑哄搧鍜岃檔鐒曠珷鎵у肩殑鍓ф儏鐗囷紝姊佸簡鍒氥佺帇棣ヨ崝銆侀挶鍕囧か絳変漢涓繪紨錛屽獎鐗囦簬1983騫翠笂鏄犮
榪欓儴褰辯墖鍛煎簲浜嗘椂浠ｏ紝緔у瘑鍦拌仈緋諱簡鐜板疄鐢熸椿錛岃茶堪浜嗗啘鏉戝疄琛岀敓浜ф壙鍖呰矗浠誨埗涓錛屽叡浜у厷鍛樼墰鐧懼瞾甯﹂嗘噿奼夌粍紺懼憳鍏卞悓濂嬫枟銆佽劚璐鑷村瘜鐨勬晠浜嬨
榪欎緷鏃ф槸涓閮ㄩ潪甯告帴鍦版皵鐨勫啘鏉戦樻潗鐨勫枩鍓х數褰憋紝褰辯墖涓浜虹墿涓鎬ч矞鏄庡張瀵屾湁鍠滃墽鎬ф牸錛屼粬浠鍥寸粫鐗涚櫨宀佽繖涓涓昏佷漢鐗╀笂婕斾竴涓涓濡欒叮妯鐢熺殑浜嬩歡錛屽紩璧蜂竴榪炰覆鐢熸椿鐭涚浘鍐茬獊錛岄殢鐫榪欎簺鐭涚浘鍐茬獊鍦ㄧ瑧澹頒腑涓涓鍖栬В錛屽獎鐗囩殑鍩烘湰鎴忓墽鍐茬獊涔熷緱浠ヨВ鍐熾
3銆侀炴潵鐨勫コ濠
銆婇炴潵鐨勫コ濠褲嬫槸鐢變笂嫻風數紲炲敜褰卞埗鐗囧巶1982騫村嚭鍝佺殑鍠滃墽鐢靛獎錛岀敱涓鍙旂殗鎵у礆紝闄堥縛姊呫侀珮娣銆侀檲榪頒富婕斻
褰辯墖璁茶堪浜嗘睙鍗楀啘鏉戝戝樺皬鍏扮埍涓婁簡縐戝︾嶇敯鐨勫啘姘戞妧鏈鍛樺垬綰錛岀敱浜庝竴鍦虹瑧璇濈櫨鍑虹殑鐩鎬翰寮曞彂浜嗗緢澶氶夯鐑︼紝鏈鍚庢湁鎯呬漢緇堟垚鐪峰睘錛岄炴潵鐨勫コ濠胯繘鍏ュ墮棬銆
4銆佹湀浜婀劇殑絎戝０
鍏鍗佸勾浠ｏ紝涓ら儴涓庢湀浜婀炬湁鍏崇殑鍠滃墽鐗囨帴緇鎺ㄥ嚭錛岃繖閮ㄣ婃湀浜婀劇殑絎戝０銆嬫槸1981騫寸敱涓婃搗鐢靛獎鍒剁墖鍘傛媿鎽勭殑鍠滃墽鐗囷紝鐢卞紶闆併佷徊鏄熺伀絳夊嚭婕旓紝鎻忔懝浜嗗厖婊″笇鏈涚殑騫翠唬閲屽啘鏉戠敓媧葷殑鏂版皵璞°
褰辯墖鐨勪富浜哄叕奼熷啋瀵屾槸鍕ゅ姵鐨勮佸啘姘戱紝澶у瓧涓嶈瘑涓涓錛屽彧鐭ラ亾璁よょ湡鐪熷湴鍔沖姩錛屾ｆｇ粡緇忓湴榪囨棩瀛愶紝鏈澶х殑蹇冩効灝辨槸涓哄効瀛愬ǘ涓濯沖囷紝鎶婃棩瀛愯繃寰楀瘜瑁曚簺銆
銆婃湀浜婀劇殑絎戝０銆嬫槸姣旇緝浼樼鐨勫啘鏉戦樻潗褰辯墖錛岀敤緹や紬鍠滄㈢殑鍠滃墽鐨勫艦寮忚創榪戠敓媧伙紝鎺ヨ繎鍐滄潙錛岄潬榪戝啘姘戱紝鍏鋒湁騫挎硾鐨勭ぞ浼氭剰涔夊拰鐜板疄鎰忎箟銆
5銆佹湀浜婀劇殑椋庢嘗
銆婃湀浜婀劇殑椋庢嘗銆嬫槸1984騫翠笂鏄犻儜鎷跨殑鍐滄潙棰樻潗鐨勫枩鍓х數褰憋紝鐢變腑鍙旂殗鎵у礆紝寮犻泚銆佷徊鏄熺伀絳変富婕旓紝璁茶堪浜嗚皟鏁村啘鏉戞斂絳栦互鍚庯紝涓諱漢鍏奼熷啋瀵屾壙鍖呬簡鏋滃洯錛屽吇楦″吇楦錛岃緵鍕ゅ姵鍔錛屼凱鏈存寔瀹訛紝涓嶄箙渚挎垚涓衡滀竾鍏冩埛鈥濈殑鏁呬簨銆
涓ら儴鏈堜寒婀劇殑鏁呬簨錛屽湪褰撳勾涓哄啘鏉戦樻潗鐨勭數褰辨爲絝嬩簡姒滄牱錛屼篃鎴愬氨浜嗗啘鏉戠數褰辯殑緇忓吀璁板繂銆備富婕斿紶闆侊紝1982騫村洜楗版紨銆婃湀浜婀劇殑絎戝０銆嬩腑鐨勬睙鍐掑瘜錛岃幏寰椾簡娓鎬笡鍑涓鍥界數褰遍噾楦″栨渶浣崇敺涓昏掋