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鍦烘櫙涓
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鍦烘櫙鍥
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浼︽暒涓婄┖鐨勯拱 鏈闀跨殑涓澶 琛鏌撻洩灞卞牎 鐡﹀皵鐗逛繚鍗钀ㄦ媺鐑绐 绾崇摝闅嗗ぇ鐐 琛鎴樺ぇ瑗挎磱 鍑鍒╁拰浠栫殑鑻遍泟闂 浠庢捣搴曞嚭鍑 U571 娴风嫾 绗鍏绐佸嚮闃 宸撮】灏嗗啗 澶滆鏈哄満 瀛熻彶鏂缇庡コ鍙 鑻忔嵎鏂鍗℃垬褰 杞扮偢椴佸皵姘村潩 鎴樹繕蹇杞 澶ч冧骸 榛戦拱鍐涘洟 鏉傜墝鏁㈡婚槦 铏庡彛鑴遍櫓 闆鍦拌嫳闆
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鏀圭紪鑷狽ick Barkow鐣呴攢灏忚达紝Nolf Schubel浣滃搧銆
褰辩墖璁茶堪涓夊崄骞翠唬鐨勫竷杈句僵鏂锛屼竴棣栬Е鍔ㄥ績鐏碉紝椋庣硿鍏ㄧ悆鐨勬氮婕缁忓吀涔愭洸(銆奊loomy Sunday銆嬨 蹇ч儊鐨勬槦鏈熷ぉ銆)寮曞嚭涓娈甸敊缁煎嶆潅鐨勫洓瑙掓亱鐖卞叧绯伙細涓涓缇庝附鍔ㄤ汉锛岃姵鍗庣粷浠ｇ殑灏戝コ锛涗竴涓椋庡害缈╃咯鐨勯愬巺鑰佹澘锛涗竴涓鎵嶅崕妯婧㈢殑閽㈢惔瀹(銆奊loomy Sunday銆嬬殑浣滆)鍜屼竴涓澶勫績绉铏戠殑寰峰浗鍐涘畼涔嬮棿鍙戠敓鐨勭湡瀹炴晠浜嬨
鍏ㄧ墖鐢婚潰锛屾晠浜嬶紝闊充箰閮藉紓甯稿噭缇庯紝鎽勪汉蹇冮瓌銆傛湁绉嶄护浜虹潃杩风殑姘旀皼鍜岄毦寰椾竴瑙佺殑鍙ゅ吀娴婕銆傜壒鍒鍊煎緱涓鎻愮殑鏄璇ョ墖鐨勪富棰樻洸銆婂咖閮佺殑鏄熸湡澶┿(鑾庢媺-甯冭幈鏇兼浘缈诲敱杩囪ユ瓕鏇诧紝浣嗕笌褰辩墖涓鐨勭増鏈鏃犳硶鐩告瘮)鍦ㄧ幇瀹炵殑鐢熸椿涓鏇句护褰撴椂鐨勬棤鏁板惉浼楁矇杩峰叾涓鏃犳硶鑷鎷斾箖鑷宠嚜鏉銆
褰辩墖鑽ｈ幏娆у窞宸翠紣鍒╀簹鐢靛奖鑺傛渶浣崇紪鍓с佹渶浣冲兼紨銆佹渶浣虫憚褰卞栥
1.銆婂笇鐗瑰嫆锛氭伓榄旂殑宕涜捣銆
瓒呭啓瀹炰富涔夐庢牸锛屼负浣犺繕鍘熶簡甯岀壒鍕掓槸濡備綍浠庝竴鍚嶇敺绔ラ粦鍖栨垚涓涓鈥滅敺榄斺濄備篃璁告湁涓嶅皯浜虹殑涓夎傝繕澶勫湪鎶涘純浜洪亾涓讳箟鍘诲磭鎷滆繖涓鈥滅敺榄斺濈殑闃舵碉紝浣嗚繖閮ㄥ奖鐗囨繁鍒荤殑鎻闇蹭簡涓涓蹇冩湳涓嶆ｇ殑鎶曟満涓讳箟鑰呮槸濡備綍铔婃儜浜哄績鎴愪负澶х嫭瑁佽咃紝骞惰╀粖澶╃殑寰峰浗閮芥棤娉曞師璋呰嚜宸辨浘鍦ㄤ簩鎴樹腑鐘涓嬬殑缃琛屻 缁翠篃绾崇殑娴佹氮姹夈佹厱灏奸粦鐨勨滃皬閫忔槑鈥濄佸暏閰掗嗙殑娉曡タ鏂锛屽笇鐗瑰嫆鐢ㄢ滄瀬绔姘戞棌涓讳箟鈥濈粦鏋朵簡鏁翠釜娆ф床涔冭嚦鍏ㄤ笘鐣岋紝缁欏叏浜虹被甯︽潵闅句互纾ㄧ伃鐨勪激鐥涳紒姝ｅ傚奖鐗囩墖澶存墍瑷锛屸滄伓浜哄緱閫炵殑蹇呯粡涔嬭矾锛屽氨鏄璁╁ソ浜烘棤鎵浜嬩簨锛佲濊ョ墖瀵瑰笇鐗瑰嫆杩涜屼簡鏍╂牘濡傜敓鐨勮В鏋勶紝璀﹂啋鎴戜滑涓嶈佸繕璁颁簩鎴樼殑鎯ㄧ棝鏁欒銆
2. 銆婂瓱鑿叉柉缇庡コ鍙枫
娌℃湁鐐鐩鐨勭壒鏁堬紝娌℃湁鎭㈠畯鐨勬垬鍦猴紝娌℃湁杩囧垎鐨勭吔鎯咃紝瀹冨氨杩欐牱榛橀粯鐨勭敤鐢婚潰鐨勮嚜鐒舵劅鏌撳姏甯︿綘璧拌繎浜嗏滃瓱鑿叉柉缇庡コ鍙封濅笂姣忎釜澹鍏电殑韬鏃併傜湡瀹炪佸緢鐪熷疄銆侀潪甯哥湡瀹烇紒 鈥滄垜浠鈥濇槸涓缇も滄病蹇冩病鑲衡濈殑澹鍏碉紝鈥滄垜浠鈥濈埍鎼炴锛屸滄垜浠鈥濆枩娆㈢編濂筹紝鈥滄垜浠鈥濆繖閲屽伔闂插仛椋炴満妯″瀷銆傗滄垜浠鈥濅篃鍙鐖憋紝鈥滄垜浠鈥濅篃鎵撲粭锛屸滄垜浠鈥濅篃鐗虹壊锛屼綘鐬р滄垜浠鈥濈殑闈掓槬灏辨槸姝讳骸銆傝繖灏辨槸褰辩墖涓鍛堢幇缁欒備紬鐨勬垬浜夌敓娲伙紝浠や汉鍐嶄笁鍥炲懗銆
3銆婂笣鍥界殑姣佺伃銆
鑷充粖浠嶅湪浜掕仈缃戣骞夸负浼犳挱鐨勬伓鎼為肩暅浣滃搧銆婂厓棣栫殑鎰ゆ掋嬶紝鏈鐗囧睘浜庣邯瀹炵數褰憋紝閫肩湡鐨勫弽鏄犱簡甯岀壒鍕掍汉鐢熶腑鍦ㄧ涓夊笣鍥芥渶鍚庣殑12澶┿傜浉淇′篃鏈変笉灏戜汉鏄鍥犱负瀹冭鎭舵悶鐨勫師鍥狅紝鎵嶈傜湅浜嗚ョ墖銆 缃瀛借呮瓏鏂搴曢噷鐨勬專鎵庯紝涓嶅惈浠讳綍鐓芥儏鐨勬垙浠斤紝璧よ８瑁哥殑闃存矇璇夎寸潃绾崇补鏈璐ㄧ殑鎭躲備汉绫荤殑姝ｄ箟姘歌繙涓嶄細鏄涓绉嶆瀬绔锛屽奖鐗囪嚜濮嬭嚦缁堥兘娌℃湁姝ｉ潰鍒荤敾淇勫啗鐨勫己澶э紝鑰屾槸閫氳繃寰峰浗鐨勬垬浜夋儴鏅鏉ユ彮绀 鈥滈偑涓嶈儨姝ｂ濈殑浼熷ぇ鐪熺悊銆
浣滀负涓涓寰风矇寰堥珮鍏磋繘琛岃ˉ鍏咃細
銆婄櫨鎴橀泟鐙銆嬶紒椹榫欍傜櫧鍏板害涓绘紨銆傛案杩滅殑缁忓吀锛
銆婃矇闈欏傛捣銆
鐢佃嗗墽銆婅繙涓滅壒閬ｉ槦銆
寰峰浗涓ら泦鐢佃嗗墽銆婃垜浠鐨勭埗杈12銆媌绔欎笂鎼
銆婂厷鍗鍐涖
銆婄┖鎴樿嫳璞銆嬪拰銆婄孩鐢风埖銆嬮殢鎻忓啓涓绔欙紝浣嗕緷鐒舵槸缁忓吀銆
褰撶劧锛岃繖閲岄潰鏈鍠滄㈢殑杩樻槸寰峰浗浜鸿嚜宸辨媿鎽勭殑鐢佃嗗墽銆婃垜浠鐨勭埗杈堛嬪綋鐒讹紝銆婂厷鍗鍐涖嬩篃寰堝ソ锛
璋㈣阿锛
鎴戣夌殑鍜变滑鑷宸辩殑锛氬皬鍏靛紶鍡勫氨鐪嬩笉閿欍傜粡鍏稿彴璇嶏細鈥滅湅鍦ㄧ溂閲屽氨鎶犱笉鍑烘潵浜嗏濓紒骞朵笉鏄涓鍛崇殑鎵擄紝寰堟湁鐢熸椿锛屽緢璐村垏锛岄氳繃骞虫贰鐨勭敓娲绘皵鎭涓鏍疯兘澶熻〃鐜板嚭涓鍥戒汉姘戝湪姝﹀櫒瑁呭囪惤鍚庣殑鎯呭喌涓嬫姉鏃ョ殑鍐冲績锛
缁忓吀鐨勫ぇ瀹跺熀鏈閮芥帹鑽愯繃浜嗭紝鎴戝氨琛ュ厖鍑犻儴姣旇緝鏂扮殑鐗囧瓙鍚с
銆婂浗鐜嬬殑婕旇层+銆婅嚦鏆楁椂鍒汇+銆婃暒鍒诲皵鍏嬨
杩欎笁閮ㄥゥ鏂鍗′笁杩炲彲浠ヤ竴璧风湅锛屼粠鍥界帇濡備綍鍔鍔涘仛鍑烘縺鍔辨皯蹇冪殑鎴樺墠婕旇诧紝鍒伴栫浉涓樺悏灏斿湪浣曠嶇姸鍐典笅涓鸿嫳鍥藉仛鍑衡滀笉鑷鐢憋紝姣嬪畞姝烩濈殑鍐冲畾锛屽啀鍒版殏鏃跺け鍒╁悗鐨勬暒鍒诲皵鍏嬪ぇ鎾ら銆
濂ユ柉鍗″嚭鍝佸繀灞炵簿鍝侊紝鐢靛奖鍙浠ユ斁蹇冪湅锛屼笉杩囨兂鐪嬪埌婵鐑堟垬鏂楀満闈㈢殑灏辩洿鎺ヨ烦鍒般婃暒鍒诲皵鍏嬨嬪惂銆
1銆佽鎴橀挗閿宀
琛鎴橀挗閿宀銆嬫槸鐔欓愬奖涓氬嚭鍝佺殑鎴樹簤 鍘嗗彶 鐗囷紝鐢辨呭皵路鍚夊竷妫鎵у硷紝瀹夊痉椴伮峰姞鑿插皵寰枫佸崲鍏嬄峰竷闆疯タ銆佽惃濮喡锋矁杈涢】銆佹枃鏂路娌冩仼銆佹嘲鑾夎帋路甯曞皵澧ㄥ拰闆ㄦ灉路缁存枃涓绘紨銆傚奖鐗囨敼缂栬嚜浜屾垬涓婄瓑鍏靛啗鍖绘埓鏂钂欏痉路閬撴柉鐨勭湡瀹炵粡鍘嗭紝璁茶堪浠栨嫆缁濇惡甯︽﹀櫒涓婃垬鍦猴紝骞跺湪鍐茬怀鎴樺焦涓璧ゆ墜绌烘嫵鏁戜笅75浣嶆垬鍙嬬殑浼犲囨晠浜嬨傚奖鐗囦簬2016骞11鏈04鏃ュ湪缇庡浗涓婃槧锛2016骞12鏈08鏃ュ湪涓鍥戒笂鏄犮2016骞12鏈堬紝銆婅鎴橀挗閿宀銆嬭閫変负2016缇庡浗鐢靛奖瀛︿細鍗佷匠鐢靛奖銆2017骞2鏈27鏃ワ紝鑾峰緱绗89灞婂ゥ鏂鍗￠噾鍍忓栨渶浣抽煶鍝嶆晥鏋滃栥
2銆佽緵寰峰嫆鐨勫悕鍗
銆婅緵寰峰嫆鐨勫悕鍗曘嬶紙Schindler's List锛夋牴鎹婢冲ぇ鍒╀簹灏忚村舵墭椹鏂路鑲灏煎埄鎵钁楃殑銆婅緵寰峰嫆鍚嶅崟銆嬫敼缂栬屾垚銆傛槸1993骞寸敱鍙茶拏鏂嚶锋柉鐨灏斾集鏍煎兼紨鐨勪竴閮ㄧ數褰便傚奖鐗囧啀鐜颁簡寰峰浗浼佷笟瀹跺ゥ鏂鍗÷疯緵寰峰嫆锛圤skar Schindler锛変笌鍏跺か浜哄焹绫宠帀路杈涘痉鍕掑湪绗浜屾′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴樻湡闂村惧惰崱浜т繚鎶や簡1200浣欏悕鐘瑰お浜哄厤閬娉曡タ鏂鏉瀹崇殑鐪熷疄 鍘嗗彶 浜嬩欢銆傝ョ墖鍖呮徑浜嗙66灞婂ゥ鏂鍗￠噾鍍忓栫殑7澶у栭」鍙婄51灞婇噾鐞冨栫殑7椤瑰ぇ濂
3銆佹嫰鏁戝ぇ鍏电憺鎭
褰辩墖銆婃嫰鏁戝ぇ鍏电憺鎭┿嬫槸姊﹀伐鍘1998骞村嚭鍝佺殑涓閮ㄦ垬浜夌數褰憋紝鐢卞彶钂傛枃路鏂鐨灏斾集鏍兼墽瀵硷紝姹ゅ喡锋眽鍏嬫柉銆佹堡濮喡峰炲吂鎽╁皵鍜岄┈鐗孤疯揪钂欑瓑鑱旇傚嚭婕斻傚奖鐗囦簬1998骞7鏈24鏃ュ湪缇庡浗涓婃槧銆傜數褰辨弿杩拌烘浖搴曠櫥闄嗗悗锛岀憺鎭╁4鍚嶄簬鍓嶇嚎鍙傛垬鐨勫効瀛愪腑锛岄櫎浜嗛毝灞101绌洪檷甯堢殑灏忓効瀛愪簩绛夊叺瑭瑰嗘柉路鐟炴仼浠嶄笅钀戒笉鏄庡栵紝鍏朵粬3涓鍎垮瓙鐨嗗凡浜庝袱鍛ㄥ唴闄嗙画鍦ㄥ悇鍦版垬姝汇傜編鍥介檰鍐涘弬璋嬮暱椹姝囧皵涓婂皢寰楃煡姝や簨鍚庡嚭浜庝汉閬撹冮噺锛岀壒浠ゅ墠绾跨粍缁囦竴鏀8浜哄皬闃燂紝鍦ㄤ汉娴疯尗鑼銆佹灙鏋楀脊闆ㄤ腑鎵惧嚭鐢熸绘湭鍗滅殑浜岀瓑鍏佃┕濮嗘柉路鐟炴仼锛屽苟灏嗗叾骞冲畨閫佸洖鍚庢柟銆2014骞12 ...
4銆 鐝嶇彔娓
褰辩墖銆婄弽鐝犳腐銆嬫槸璇曢噾鐭冲叕鍙2001骞村嚭鍝佺殑涓閮ㄥ墽鎯呯數褰便傜敱杩堝厠灏斅疯礉鎵у硷紝鏈路闃垮紬鑾卞厠銆佸嚡鐗孤疯礉閲戣禌灏斿拰涔斾粈路鍝堝堢壒绛夎仈琚傚嚭婕斻傚奖鐗囦簬2001骞5鏈25鏃ュ湪鍖楃編鍦板尯涓婃槧銆傜數褰辫茶堪浜嗛浄澶鍜屼腹灏艰繖瀵瑰ソ鍏勫紵鍦ㄥ弬鍐涙椂缁撹瘑濂虫姢澹浼婂か鏋椼傞浄澶涓诲姩璇风绩鍙傚姞鑻卞浗绌哄啗鐨勪綔鎴橈紝琚鍑昏惤鎺夎繘娴烽噷銆傝屼紛澶鏋楀緱鐭ュ櫓鑰楁偛鐥涗竾鍒嗐備腹灏煎拰浼婂か鏋楁參鎱㈡帴杩戯紝浜掔敓鐖辨厱锛屾渶鍚庡彂鐢熶竴澶滄儏銆
5銆佹棤鑰绘贩铔
銆婃棤鑰绘贩铔嬨嬫槸涓閮ㄧ敱鏄嗘眬路濉斾鸡钂傝哄拰浼婅幈路缃楁柉鍏卞悓鎵у肩殑鎴樹簤鐢靛奖锛屾呮媺灏悸风綏鍏般佸竷鎷夊痉路鐨鐗广侀粵瀹壜峰厠椴佹牸銆佸厠閲屾柉鎵樺紬路鐡﹀皵鍏瑰拰杩堝厠灏斅锋硶鏂瀹惧痉绛夎仈琚傚嚭婕斻傚奖鐗囦簬2009骞5鏈20鏃ュ湪娉曞浗鎴涚撼鐢靛奖鑺傜巼鍏堟斁鏄犮傜數褰辩殑鏁呬簨鍙戠敓鍦ㄤ簩鎴樻湡闂达紝涓缇ょ姱浜嗙姜鐨勭編鍥藉＋鍏靛師鏈灏嗚佽澶勪互姝诲垜锛屼絾鏄闈炲父鏃舵湡閲囧彇闈炲父鏀跨瓥锛屼粬浠琚鍏佽告埓缃绔嬪姛鈥斺旀繁鍏ュ凡琚绾崇补鍗犻嗙殑娉曞浗鍘绘墽琛屼竴椤瑰嵄闄╀换鍔★紝姝ら」浠诲姟浠ｅ彿涓衡滃熀璇鸿屽姩鈥濄
6銆佹渶闀跨殑涓澶
銆婃渶闀夸竴澶┿嬫槸鐢盞en Annakin鎵у硷紝鐞嗘煡寰仿疯礉姊呭皵銆佺害缈奥烽煢鎭╃瓑涓绘紨鐨勭編鍥 鍘嗗彶 鎴樹簤棰樻潗鐢靛奖銆傝ョ墖璁茶堪浜嗚烘浖搴曠櫥闄嗙殑绗涓澶╂墍鍙戠敓鐨勪簨浠讹紝鍒嗗埆浠庣洘鍐涘拰寰峰啗鍙屾柟闈㈢殑瑙掑害鍚屾椂鎻忚堪璇烘浖绗鐧婚檰杩欎竴 鍘嗗彶 鎴樺焦鐨勬潵榫欏幓鑴夈
7銆 绱鏃
銆婄传鏃ャ嬫槸鐢卞啹灏忓畞鑷缂栬嚜瀵硷紝瀵屽ぇ榫欍佸墠鐢扮煡鎯犮佸畨濞溌锋嵎灏兼媺娲涘▋鑱斿悎涓绘紨鐨勬垬浜夊墽鎯呯墖锛岃ョ墖浜2001骞4鏈11鏃ュ湪涓鍥戒笂鏄犮傝ョ墖浠1945骞寸浜屾′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴樺嵆灏嗙粨鏉熶负鑳屾櫙锛岃茶堪涓変釜涓嶅悓鍥界睄鐨勯潚骞达紝鍦ㄧ粡鍘嗕簡閲嶅ぇ鐨勭敓姝昏冮獙鍚庯紝濡備綍浠庢晫瀵瑰彉鎴愭湅鍙嬬殑鏁呬簨銆
8銆佸ぇ鐙瑁佽
銆婂ぇ鐙瑁佽呫嬫槸鐢辨煡鐞喡峰崜鍒鏋椾负瀵兼紨锛屽苟鎼烘墜瀹濊幉路楂橀粵涓绘紨鐨勪竴閮ㄧ數褰憋紝浜1940骞撮栨槧銆傝繖鏄鏌ョ悊路鍗撳埆鏋楃殑绗涓閮ㄦ湁澹扮數褰便傚奖鐗囧亣鍊熺浜屾′笘鐣屽ぇ鎴樼殑鑳屾櫙锛屽埢鍒掍簡涓涓娈嬮叿杩瀹崇姽澶浜猴紝浼佸浘缁熸不鍏ㄤ笘鐣岀殑澶х嫭瑁佽呫傚崜鍒鏋楀湪浜虹墿閫犲瀷涓婇潪甯告槑鏄惧湴浠跨収娉曡タ鏂澶村瓙甯岀壒鍕掞紝骞堕氳繃琛ㄦ紨瀵硅繖涓浜虹墿杩涜岃緵杈ｇ殑璁藉埡銆1997骞达紝鏈鐗囪缇庡浗鍥戒細鍥句功棣嗙殑缇庡浗鍥藉剁數褰辩櫥璁板勫垪涓衡滃湪鏂囧寲銆 鍘嗗彶 鍜岃壓鏈涓婂叿鏈夐噸澶ф剰涔夌殑鐢靛奖鈥濄
9銆佸反椤垮皢鍐
銆婂反椤垮皢鍐涖嬫槸鐢20涓栫邯绂忓厠鏂鐢靛奖鍏鍙镐簬1970骞村嚭鍝佺殑 鍘嗗彶 鐗囷紝璇ュ奖鐗囩敱寮楀叞鍏嬫灄路鏂鍑￠偅鎵у硷紝涔旀不路C路鏂绉戠壒銆佸崱灏斅疯帿灏旂櫥銆佽┕濮嗘柉路鐖卞痉鍗庡吂绛変富婕斻傚奖鐗囦富瑕佷粙缁嶄簡1943骞村湪鍖楅潪锛岃嫳缇庣洘鍐涢伃鍒扮话鍙峰彨鈥滄矙婕犱箣鐙愨濋殕缇庡皵鍏冨竻鐜囬嗙殑寰峰啗鍙嶅嚮锛屽睍寮浜嗕竴鍦哄ぇ瑙勬ā鐨勬垬鏂楋紝缁撴灉缇庡啗閬鍒版儴璐ラ櫡鍏ヤ簡鍥板冪殑鏁呬簨銆傝ョ墖浜1970骞翠笂鏄狅紝鑾43灞婂ゥ鏂鍗℃渶浣冲奖鐗囥佹渶浣冲墽鏈銆佹渶浣冲兼紨绛7椤瑰
10銆佺摝灏旂壒淇濆崼钀ㄦ媺鐑绐
銆婄摝灏旂壒淇濆崼钀ㄦ媺鐑绐濄嬫槸鐢卞崡鏂鎷夊か娉㈡柉绾崇數褰卞埗鐗囧巶鍑哄搧鐨勪竴閮ㄦ垬浜夌墖锛岃ョ墖鐢卞搱路鍏嬪皵鐡︾摝鑼ㄦ墽瀵硷紝闊﹀埄绫冲皵路宸村斅锋棩娌冧紛璇虹淮濂囥佺暀姣旀矙路钀ㄩ┈瀛ｅ囩瓑涓绘紨銆傝ョ墖宸蹭簬1972骞11鏈30鏃ュ湪鍖堢墮鍒╀笂鏄犮傚奖鐗囪茶堪浜嗙摝灏旂壒鍑鍊熶釜浜哄嚭鑹茬殑璋嬬暐涓庝紬澶氳嫳鍕囩殑娓稿嚮闃熷憳璁╂墦鍏ュ唴閮ㄧ殑闂磋皪鐜板嚭浜嗗師褰㈠悗锛屾垚鍔熷湴鎸璐ヤ簡鏁屼汉鐨勯槾璋嬬殑鏁呬簨銆
11銆佽繖閲岀殑榛庢槑闈欐倓鎮
銆婅繖閲岀殑榛庢槑闈欐倓鎮勩嬫槸鏂鍧﹀凹鏂鎷夊か路缃楁柉鎵樿尐鍩烘墽瀵肩殑鎴樹簤鐗囷紝浼婄惓濞溌峰氬皵鍔犺哄▋銆佸彾鑾插溌峰痉缃椾僵绉戙佸畨寰风儓路椹灏旇拏璇哄か鍙傚姞婕斿嚭銆備綔涓轰腑鍥戒汉鏈鐔熸倝鐨勪縿缃楁柉鐢靛奖锛1972鐗堛婅繖閲岀殑榛庢槑闈欐倓鎮勩嬫劅鍔ㄤ簡涓浠ｄ腑鍥借備紬銆傘婅繖閲岀殑榛庢槑闈欐倓鎮勩嬫牴鎹浣滃剁摝瑗块噷鑰跺か鐨勫悓鍚嶅皬璇存敼缂栵紝鍐呭瑰彇鑷涓涓鐪熷疄浜嬩欢锛岃茶堪浜嗚嫃鑱斿崼鍥芥垬浜夋椂鏈燂紝鍦ㄥ箍琚ゆ．鏋椾腑杩涜岀殑涓鍦烘儕蹇冨姩榄勩佹縺鐑堟畫閰风殑闃诲嚮鎴樼殑鏁呬簨銆1972骞达紝瀵兼紨鏂路缃楁柉鎵樿尐鍩烘妸銆婅繖閲岀殑榛庢槑闈欐倓鎮勩嬫惉涓婁簡閾跺箷锛岃幏1973骞村▉灏兼柉鍥介檯鐢靛奖鑺傜邯蹇靛栥佸叏鑻忕數褰辫妭澶у栫瓑锛屾垚涓轰竴浠ｇ粡 ...
12銆佽鎴樺彴鍎垮簞
鎴樺焦鐢辨皯鏃忚嫳闆勬潕瀹椾粊銆佺櫧宕囩Η銆佸瓩杩炰徊銆佹堡鎭╀集銆佸紶鑷蹇犮佺敯闀囧崡銆佸叧楹熷緛銆佹睜宄板煄銆佺帇閾绔犵瓑鎶楁棩灏嗛嗘寚鎸ャ傛垬褰规湡闂达紝涓鍥芥姉鎴樻渶楂樼粺甯呰拫浠嬬煶鏇句笁娆¤荡寰愬窞瑙嗗療銆佺潱瀵笺佽皟閰嶅叺鍔涳紝鍏朵腑绗涓娆★紝钂嬩粙鐭冲湪鍙板効搴勬垬鏂楁渶婵鐑堢殑鏃跺埢浜茶荡鍙板効搴勫崡绔欒傛垬锛屽苟浜茶嚜鍕夊姳姹犲嘲鍩庯紝鍓嶇嚎灏嗗＋鍥犺屽＋姘斿ぇ鎸锛屽ぇ澶у炲己浜嗗墠绾垮皢澹鐨勬垬鏂楀姏
13銆佸＋鍏典箣姝
銆婂＋鍏典箣姝屻嬫槸涓閮ㄧ敱鏍奸噷楂樺埄路涓樿但鑾变緷鎵у硷紝瑭瑰溌锋櫘缃楃戜鸡绉戯紝灏煎彜鎷壜峰厠鐣欏囩戝か绛変富婕旂殑鐖辨儏鎴樹簤绫荤數褰便